1. The basic structure and working principle of solar street lights

1.1 Basic structure of solar street lights

Solar street lights mainly consist of solar cell components, components, brackets, light sources, controllers, batteries, lamp poles, and other parts.

1.2 Working principle of solar street lights

LED solar street lights utilize the principle of the photovoltaic effect of solar cells. During the day, the solar cells absorb the energy of solar photons to generate electricity. The solar street light factory stores it in a battery through a controller. When night falls or the light intensity around the lamp is low, the battery supplies power to the light source through the controller until the set time is cut off.

2. Data required for street light design

2.1 Find the longitude and latitude of the usage location of solar street lights by knowing their location. Determine the tilt angle and azimuth angle of solar cell modules and calculate the standard peak solar irradiance time in the region through the solar radiation database on different inclined planes in China.

2.2 The power of the light source selected for the street lamp (W). The power of the light source directly affects the parameter stability of the entire system.

2.3 The working hours of LED solar street lights at night (H). This is the core parameter that determines the size of components in a solar street light system. By determining the working time, the daily power consumption of the load and the corresponding charging current of the solar cell components can be preliminarily calculated.

The continuous rainy days that 2.4 LED solar street lights need to maintain (d). This parameter determines the size of the battery capacity and the power of the solar cell components required to restore battery capacity after cloudy and rainy days.

2.5 Determine the number of days D between two consecutive rainy and cloudy days. This determines the battery component power required for the system to fully charge the battery after a continuous rainy day.

3.Design ideas and key points of solar street light systems

The basic principles of solar photovoltaic power generation systems are the same, so the design concept of LED solar street lights can also be based on general solar power generation systems. First, determine the power of the light source, the working time every day, and ensure a few natural rainy days before calculating the capacity of the battery and the power of the solar cell components. However, solar street lights have their own unique characteristics and need to ensure the stability and reliability of the system's operation, so special attention needs to be paid during design.